Nanofabricated Materials as Nanobiosensor: A Brief Overview
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66000/3110-9772.2025.01.07Keywords:
Nanomaterials, Nanobiosensors, Medical and Clinical Diagnostics, Environmental applicationsAbstract
Nanofabricated materials have become a revolutionary foundation in the creation of nanobiosensors, facilitating the highly sensitive, selective, and quick identification of biological and chemical analytes. Advancements in nanotechnology have enabled the fabrication of materials with precise size, shape, and surface characteristics at the nanoscale, greatly enhancing the efficacy of biosensing devices. Materials include nanowires, nanotubes, quantum dots, graphene, metallic nanoparticles, and thin films possess distinctive electrical, optical, and catalytic characteristics, which are utilized in signal transduction and amplification processes. These tailored nanostructures enhance biomolecule immobilization and stability while facilitating label-free, real-time monitoring with ultra-low detection limits. Nanobiosensors utilizing nanofabricated materials have shown utility in various domains, such as medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, food safety, and drug development. Furthermore, the integration of microfluidics and wearable devices is propelling the advancement of point-of-care platforms for personalized healthcare. Notwithstanding significant advancements, obstacles including reproducibility, large-scale production, biocompatibility, and regulatory approval persist. This concise summary underscores the significance of nanofabricated materials in the progression of biosensing technologies, accentuating its capacity to transform diagnostics and monitoring systems via shrinking, multiplexing, and improved analytical performance.
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